葡萄糖氧化酶对产蛋后期蛋种鸡产蛋性能、孵化性能及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Glucose Oxidase on Laying Performance,Hatching Performance and Antioxidant Capacity of Laying Breeders during Later Laying Period

本试验旨在研究葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)对产蛋后期蛋种鸡产蛋性能、孵化性能、抗氧化能力及相关基因表达的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选用480只55周龄、体重和产蛋率基本一致的海兰褐蛋种鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加200、350和500 mg/kg GOD的试验饲粮。预试期1周,正试期12周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,350和500 mg/kg GOD组产蛋后期蛋种鸡的产蛋率显著增加(P<0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05);200、350和500 mg/kg GOD组的种蛋受精率显著增加(P<0.05),种蛋孵化率和出雏率无显著变化(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,350和500 mg/kg GOD组产蛋后期蛋种鸡的种蛋蛋壳厚度及哈氏单位显著增加(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,500 mg/kg GOD组产蛋后期蛋种鸡的血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);200、350和500 mg/kg GOD组的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著增加(P<0.05);350和500 mg/kg GOD组的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著增加(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,200、350和500 mg/kg GOD组产蛋后期蛋种鸡的肝脏MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏SOD活性显著增加(P<0.05);350和500 mg/kg GOD组的肝脏GSH-Px活性显著增加(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,200、350和500 mg/kg GOD组产蛋后期蛋种鸡的核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu/Zn-SOD)mRNA相对表达量显著增加(P<0.05)。6)饲粮中GOD的添加水平为500 mg/kg时经济效益最佳。综上所述,在产蛋后期蛋种鸡饲粮中添加GOD可能通过激活肝脏细胞Nrf2/抗氧化反应元件(ARE)信号通路相关基因的表达,提高血清和肝脏抗氧化能力,从而改善其产蛋性能、孵化性能和蛋品质。综合经济效益分析,在本试验条件下,产蛋后期蛋种鸡饲粮中GOD的适宜添加水平为500 mg/kg。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of glucose oxidase(GOD)on laying performance,hatching performance,antioxidant capacity and related genes expression of laying breeders during later laying period.Using single factor experimental design,four hundred and eighty 55-week-old Hyline brown laying breeders with similar body weight and laying rate were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 hens per replicate.Laying breeders in control group were fed a basal diet,and the other in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 200,350 and 500 mg/kg GOD,respectively.The pretest lasted for 1 week and the trial lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)compared with control group,laying rate of laying breeders during later laying period in 350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),but the ratio of feed to egg was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the fertilization rate of breeding eggs in 200,350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in hatching rate and birth rate of breeding eggs(P>0.05).2)Compared with control group,eggshell thickness and Haugh unit of breeding eggs of laying breeders during later laying period in 350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with control group,the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)in serum of laying breeders during later laying period in 500 mg/kg GOD group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in serum in 200,350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in serum in 350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with control group,the content of MDA in liver of laying breeders during later laying period in 200,350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups was significantly decreased and the activity of SOD in liver was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activity of GSH-Px in liver in 350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2),manganese superoxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)and copper zinc superoxide dismutase(Cu/Zn-SOD)of laying breeders during later laying period in 200,350 and 500 mg/kg GOD groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).6)Dietary 500 mg/kg GOD had the best economic benefit.In conclusion,dietary GOD may improve laying performance,hatching performance and egg quality of laying breeders during later laying period by activating related genes expression of Nrf2/antioxidant reaction element(ARE)signaling pathway in liver cells and improving antioxidant capacity in serum and liver.Comprehensive economic benefit analysis shows that the appropriate supplemental level of GOD in diets of laying breeders during later laying period is 500 mg/kg under the experimental conditions.