饲喂成年牛瘤胃液对哺乳犊牛生长性能、纤维消化和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Feeding Adult Bovine Rumen Fluid on Growth Performance,Fiber Digestion and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Calves

本试验旨在研究饲喂成年牛瘤胃液对哺乳犊牛生长性能、纤维消化和血清生化指标的影响。试验选择初生重(37.50~45.00 kg)相似的健康荷斯坦犊牛45头,随机分为3组,每组15头。对照组犊牛饲喂生鲜牛乳,2个试验组犊牛分别饲喂生鲜牛乳+新鲜成年牛瘤胃液(FRF组)和生鲜牛乳+灭菌成年牛瘤胃液(ARF组)。试验期共56 d。结果显示:1)各组犊牛的断奶重、平均日增重和日均干物质采食量均无显著差异(P>0.05),但FRF组犊牛的料重比显著低于对照组和ARF组(P<0.05)。2)56日龄时,各组犊牛的体高、体斜长、胸围和腹围均无显著差异(P>0.05),仅FRF组犊牛管围显著大于其他2组(P<0.05)。3)FRF组的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于对照组和ARF组(P<0.05)。4)各组犊牛的血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量以及碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组犊牛的血清丙二醛含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但FRF组犊牛的血清总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组和ARF组(P<0.05)。综上所述,新生犊牛饲喂新鲜成年牛瘤胃液对其日增重和采食量无影响,但对中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化具有促进作用,并改善了犊牛机体的抗氧化能力。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding adult bovine rumen fluid on growth performance,fiber digestion and serum biochemical indexes of calves.Forty-five healthy newborn calves with similar body weight(37.50 to 45.00 kg)were randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 calves in each group.Calves in control group were fed fresh raw milk,calves in 2 trial groups were fed fresh raw milk+fresh adult bovine rumen fluid(FRF group)and fresh raw milk+autoclaved adult bovine rumen fluid(ARF group),respectively.The experimental period was 56 days.The results showed as follows:1)although there were no significant differences in the weaning weight,average daily gain and average daily dry matter intake among groups(P>0.05),the feed/gain of calves in FRF group was significantly lower than that in control group and ARF group(P<0.05).2)The body size including the body height,body length,hearth girth and abdominal circumference did not significantly differ among groups(P>0.05),except cannon circumference in FRF group was significantly greater than in control group and ARF group(P<0.05).3)Calves in FRF group had greater apparent digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)compared with calves in control group and ARF group(P<0.05).4)The contents of glucose,total protein,albumin,globulin,total cholesterol,triglyceride and the activities of alkaline phosphatase,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum had no significant differences among groups(P>0.05).Although the serum malondialdehyde content had no significant difference among groups(P>0.05),the serum total antioxidant capacity of calves in FRF group was significantly higher than that in control group and ARF group(P<0.05).In conclusion,feeding fresh adult bovine rumen fluid does not affect the daily gain and feed intake,but has the promotional effect on the digestion of NDF and ADF,and can improve the body antioxidant capacity of calves.