洛阳地区新型冠状病毒肺炎患者出院1年健康状况随访

The health status follow-up of corona virus disease 2019 patients after discharge for 1 year in Luoyang area

目的:回顾性分析洛阳地区新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者出院1年内的健康状况。方法:回顾性分析2020年1个月19日至2020年4月28日期间,河南科技大学第一附属医院出院且符合纳入标准的27例COVID-19患者的基线临床特征、出院时存在症状、CT肺炎评分、呼吸困难评估(mMRC)评分、6 min步行距离(6MWD)以及上述指标在出院1、3、6个月及1年时随访情况进行统计学分析。结果:27例研究对象,16例(59.3%)为男性,11例(40.7%)为女性,23例为普通型,4例为重型。出院时COVID-19患者存在的症状多于出院6个月基本消失,但在出院1年时,仅仍有1例重型COVID-19患者(3.7%)存在咳嗽症状,2例(7.4%)存在胸闷症状。普通型及重症COVID-19患者的在出院1年的6MWD较出院时均有改善,且重型COVID-19患者改善更为明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院1年时,22例COVID-19患者(81.5%)的CT肺部病变完全吸收,2例COVID-19患者(7.4%)存在轻度肺弥散功能障碍。结论:洛阳地区COVID-19患者在出院1年时大部分患者健康状况良好,基本恢复至生病前状态,但仍有部分患者遗留咳嗽、胸闷及肺部病变吸收延迟及轻度肺弥散功能受损。

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the health status of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in the area of Luoyang city during 1 year of discharge.Methods:27 patients with COVID-19,discharged from the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology between January 19,2020 and April 28,2020,met the inclusion criteria.The patients’baseline clinical characteristics,CT pneumonia score,mMRC score,6-min walking distance(6 MWD)and lung function at discharge,as well as corresponding indicators at 1-month,3-month,6-month and 1-year follow up status were collected and analyzed.Results:Of the 27 patients,16 patients(59.3%)were male,11 patients(40.7%)were female,23 patients were the common type and 4 patients were the severe type.The symptoms of COVID-19 patients at discharge were almost eliminated at 6-month follow-up.Only 1(3.7%)severe COVID-19 patient still had cough,and 2(7.4%)patients had chest tightness.The 6 MWD of patients with common and severe COVID-19 was improved 1 year after discharge compared with that at discharge,and the improvement was more significant in patients with severe COVID-19(P<0.05).At 1 year after discharge,22 COVID-19 patients(81.5%)had complete absorption of CT pulmonary lesions,and 2 COVID-19 patients(7.4%)had mild pulmonary diffusion dysfunction.Conclusions:At 1 year after discharge,most patients with COVID 19 in the area of Luoyang city were in good health and almost recovered to the state before illness,whereas some patients still had cough,chest tightness,delayed absorption of lung lesions and mild impaired lung diffusion function.