德国城市生态教育个案研究及其对杭州的启示

A case study of urban ecological education in Germany and its implications for Hangzhou

为了解德国城市生态教育的形式和内容,从而为杭州生态教育提供借鉴,采取文献翻译法、文献分析法和个案研究法,以柏林、汉堡、海德堡三个典型生态城市作为个案,翻译德文文献并进行分析,研究结果表明德国城市的生态教育呈现4个特征:一是形式上多样化;二是内容上充分利用当地资源;三是方法上开展生态教育活动;四是特别强调人对自然的情感培育。借鉴德国城市生态教育经验,杭州应丰富生态教育内容,延展生态教育形式,扩大生态教育对象,实施基于活动的情感教育。通过以上措施使民众走进自然、认识自然、了解自然、喜爱自然,从而自觉、自愿地遵循生态行为要求,履行生态保护原则,成为具有正确生态价值观和行为方式的新时代生态公民,为杭州的生态城市建设提供坚实的群众基础和思想保障。

In order to understand the form and content of ecological education in German cities,so as to provide reference for ecological education in Hangzhou,this paper adopted the methods of literature translation,literature analysis and case study,and took three typical ecological cities,namely Berlin,Hamburg and Heidelberg,as case studies.Durch translating and analysing the German literature,the findings show that ecological education in German cities has four characteristics:firstly,it is diverse in form;secondly,it makes full use of local resources in content;thirdly,it carries out ecological education activities in method;and fourthly,it places special emphasis on the cultivation of human emotions towards nature.Drawing on the experience of German urban ecological education,Hangzhou should enrich the content of ecological education,extend the form of ecological education,expand the target audience of ecological education and implement activity-based emotional education.Through the above measures,the public can enter nature,get to know nature,understand nature and love nature,so that they can consciously and voluntarily follow the requirements of ecological behaviour and fulfil the principles of ecological protection,and become new-age ecological citizens with correct ecological values and behaviour,providing a solid mass foundation and ideological guarantee for the construction of an ecological city in Hangzhou.