Self-care:A concept analysis

自我护理的概念分析

Objectives:There is extensive literature from various disciplines on self-care,an important aspect of nursing intervention via evaluation and education,but its meaning remains unprecise due to the difficulty integrating the diverse definitions developed over time across disciplines.Therefore,it is vital to clarify the meaning of self-care and formulate the defining attributes,antecedents,and consequences to self-care.Methods:Walker and Avant’s concept analysis approach was used to analyze the concept of self-care.A search of the literature was completed using the databases CINAHL,PubMed,and EBSCOhost for years 1975e2020;literature search included peer-review articles,full-text publications,and available in English.A total of 31 articles were reviewed,and saturation was reached.Results:An extensive review of the literature revealed salient characteristics that reflected the most frequently used terms associated with the concept.Guided byWalker and Avant’s method,three defining attributes emerged as common themes:awareness,self-control,and self-reliance.Conclusions:A clarified definition was identified:the ability to care for oneself through awareness,selfcontrol,and self-reliance in order to achieve,maintain,or promote optimal health and well-being.

目的自我护理是通过评估和教育进行护理干预的重要方面,在不同专业领域文献众多,但其定义并不统一。明确自我护理的含义并清晰表述自我护理的定义性属性、前置因素和后续影响至关重要。方法采用Walker和Avant的概念分析法对自我护理的概念进行分析。检索CINAHL、PubMed和EBSCOhost数据库中1975—2020年的文献,检索文献为经同行评议、全文出版的英文文献。共纳入31篇文章,达到内容饱和。结果通过广泛的文献回顾揭示了与自我护理概念相关的最常用术语的显著特征。依据Walker和Avant的概念分析法,3个定义性属性作为共性主题呈现:认知、自我控制和依靠自己。结论确定自我护理的定义为:通过认知、自我控制和依靠自己,以获得、维持或促进最佳健康和幸福感的照顾自己的能力。