分舱段圆柱壳声散射数值和试验研究

Numerical and experimental studies on acoustic scattering from multi-cabin cylindrical shells

基于有限元方法建立了填充不同介质的有限长分舱段圆柱壳声散射数值计算模型,仿真了填充空气-空气、空气-水、水-水三类两舱段圆柱壳声散射特性,并完成了三类两舱段圆柱壳体声散射试验,获取和分析了两舱段圆柱壳体声散射的时间角度谱和频率角度谱特性。利用物理声学方法分析了壳体表面、端面以及内部填充水介质对散射声场的影响,揭示了两舱段圆柱壳声散射频率角度谱中呈现的干涉条纹特征形成机理,为水下分舱段目标,如水下无人航行器的主动声呐探测和识别提供理论支撑。

Based on the finite element method, the numerical calculation model for the sound scattering from multi-cabin cylindrical shells filled with different media is established, and the sound scattering characteristics of a two-cabin cylindrical shell filled with air-air, air-water, and water-water respectively are simulated. The sound scattering experiments for the three types of two-cabin cylindrical shells are carried out, and the corresponding time-angle spectra and frequency-angle spectra are obtained and analyzed. The influences of the surface and end face of the shell and the internal water on the scattering sound field are analyzed by the physical acoustic method. The formation mechanism of the interference fringe characteristics in the frequency-angle spectra of the two-cabin cylindrical shell is revealed. The results of the research provide a theoretical support for the active sonar detection and identification of the underwater targets with sub-cabins, such as underwater unmanned vehicles.