站前广场声环境调查与评价——以太原站和太原南站站前广场为例

Acoustic environmental investigation and evaluation in the front squares of Taiyuan station and Taiyuan south station

以太原站和太原南站站前广场为例,采用客观测量和主观问卷相结合的方式,对站前广场的声环境进行调查研究。调查结果表明,两个站前广场声环境质量基本达标,但有部分区域噪声值超标。得益于整体规划合理并设有绿化带等原因,太原南站站前广场声环境满意度较高。社会生活噪声是站前广场的主要声源,其中以广播宣传声为主;铁路列车声是站前广场特有的声源。基于语义差别法和因子分析法对站前广场声环境的研究分析表明,站前广场声环境的舒适度和趣味性一般,声源强度和丰富度较高。最后针对站前广场目前存在的声环境问题提出改善建议,旨在提高声环境质量并为此类空间声景营造提供参考依据。

By taking the front squares of Taiyuan Station and Taiyuan South Station as examples, a combination of objective measurement and subjective questionnaires is used to investigate and study the acoustic environment of station squares. The survey results show that the acoustic environmental quality of the front squares of the two stations basically reaches the standard, but the noise levels in some areas exceed the standard. Profited from the reasonable overall planning and the establishment of green belts, the acoustic environmental satisfaction in the front square of Taiyuan South Railway Station is relatively high. Noise from social life is the main sound source in the front square of the station,among which the broadcasting sound is dominated, and the train sound is the unique source there. Based on semantic difference method and factor analysis method, the research shows that the acoustic environment in the front squares of the station is generally comfortable and interesting, and the intensity and abundance of the sound source are relatively high.Finally, some suggestions are put forward to solve existing acoustic environment problems and improve acoustic environmental quality in the front squares of station, which provides a reference for the construction of such spatial soundscapes.