电动汽车换电模式发展情况、研究现状与挑战分析

Analysis of the Development,Current Research Status and Challenges of Battery Exchange Modes for Electric Vehicles

电动汽车换电模式处于发展初期,近年来受到了政策的大力支持。文章对国内外换电模式的发展情况进行了梳理,并分别从换电站、动力电池和换电方式的角度对换电模式的研究现状进行了阐述,在此基础上提出了换电模式的发展需要应对换电标准和规范完全统一难、换电商业运营模式构建难、消费者思想观念改变难、换电站规划布局不合理、换电模式定价机制不合理和充电技术快速发展等6种挑战,为换电模式的推广应用指明了应对方向。

The battery exchange mode of electric vehicles is in the early stage of development and has received strong support from policies in recent years.The article sorts out the development of battery exchange mode at home and abroad,and elaborates the current research status of battery exchange mode from the perspectives of battery exchange stations,power batteries and battery exchange methods,and proposes the challenges that need to be addressed in the development of battery exchange mode.There are six challenges that need to be dealt with,including difficulties in the complete unification of battery exchange standards and specifications,difficulty in constructing battery exchange business operation models,difficulty in changing consumer thoughts,unreasonable layout of battery exchange stations,unreasonable pricing mechanisms for battery exchange mode,and rapid development of charging technology.It points out the direction for the promotion and application of the battery exchange mode.