5117例股骨颈骨折患者流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation of 5117 patients with femoral neck fracture

目的:分析2014至2019年收治的股骨颈骨折患者的流行病学特征及变化趋势。方法:对2014年1月至2019年12月期间广东省某三级甲等医院收治的股骨颈骨折患者资料进行回顾性分析,记录患者的性别、年龄、住院时间等数据,分析6年期间股骨颈骨折的流行病学特征及变化趋势。结果:共统计股骨颈骨折患者5 117例,男女比例为0.67:1,2014至2019年股骨颈骨折病例数总体呈逐年上升趋势;老年组、青壮年组、儿童组所占比例分别为70.22%、27.40%、2.38%;2014至2019年老年组患者所占比例逐步增加,青壮年组所占比例逐步下降;股骨颈骨折好发季节为冬季;88.27%的股骨颈骨折致伤原因为摔伤;70.50%的老年患者有合并症;43.37%的患者以急诊方式入院,91.12%的患者采用手术治疗。结论:2014至2019年股骨颈骨折病例数逐年上升,女性多于男性,老年女性为高发人群,70~79岁为高发病年龄段,冬季为股骨颈骨折的高发季节,应做好重点人群特定时间段的预防,以降低股骨颈骨折的发病率。

Objective:The epidemiological characteristics and trend of patients with femoral neck fracture in Foshan Hospital of TCM between 2014 and 2019 were analyzed.Methods:The clinical datum of patients with femoral neck fracture admitted to Foshan Hospital of TCM during January 2014 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Gender,age,length of stay,etc were analyzed.Results:In total,5 117 patients with femoral neck fracture were recorded.The proportion of gender was 0.67:1,and the total number of patients was increasing year by year from 2014 to 2019.The proportion of aging group,young group and children group was 70.22%,27.40%and 2.38%respectively.From 2014 to 2019,the proportion of patients in aging group gradually increased,and the proportion of young group gradually decreased.Majority of femoral neck fracture occured in winter,meanwhile 88.27%of femoral neck fracture were caused by falling.70.50%of patients had complications,43.37%of the patients were admitted to the emergency department.91.12%of the patients underwent surgical treatment.Conclusion:The total number of patients of femoral neck fracture was increasing year by year from 2014 to 2019.The incidence of femoral neck fracture in women was higher than that in men,and elderly women were at high risk.The high incidence age group was 70~79,and the high incidence season was winter.So we should do well in the key period for focus crowd prevention in order to reduce the incidence of femoral neck fracture.