踝部扭伤的再认识:不仅仅是外侧副韧带损伤

Recognition of ankle sprain:not only lateral collateral ligament injury

踝关节扭伤是普通人群和运动员人群发病的常见原因。大多数扭伤涉及踝关节外侧,影响距腓前韧带。然而,损伤类型和程度将取决于损伤机制。骨性结构和韧带特点是导致踝部扭伤好发的主要原因。踝部扭伤导致的踝关节损伤不止是外侧副韧带损伤,还容易引起距骨骨软骨损伤、前踝撞击症、后踝撞击症等。踝部扭伤除了踝关节受累外,常常导致距下关节和跗横关节损伤,甚至应力性骨折、特殊部位骨折或肌腱软组织伤病,也常常出现多种损伤并存,临床工作中务必高度重视。

Ankle sprains are a common cause of morbidity in the general and athletic population.The majority of sprains involve the lateral aspect of the ankle,affecting the anterior talofibular ligament.However,the extent and categories of injury will depend upon the mechanism of injury.The ankle injury caused by ankle sprain is not only the injury of lateral collateral ligaments,but also chondral or osteochondral lesions of the talus,anterior ankle impingement,posterior ankle impingement and so on.In addition to the involvement of ankle joint,ankle sprain often leads to the injury of subtalar joint and transverse tarsal joint,even stress fracture,special part fracture or tendon soft tissue injury;multiple injuries often coexist.In clinical work,we should pay more attention to it.