水利节水灌溉工程的利用与建设

Utilization and construction of water conservancy water-saving irrigation project

农田灌溉技术的发展使灌溉技术从原始的满足灌溉要求发展到要满足经济性、节水性、生态友好型的社会发展需要。以喀什地区伽师县农田水利工程为研究对象,通过对比分析3种排灌模式的平面布置等特点,主要得到以下结论:“明渠+明沟”排灌模式可以提高水资源的利用范围,对河道及生态渠道的水资源均可以有效利用,同时满足干旱季节与洪涝季节排水的需求,实现多余灌溉用水的循环利用,提高水资源的利用率;“管道+明沟”排灌模式在前述模式功能作用的基础上,有效降低土地的利用率及水资源的蒸发损失,管道中的低压输水可以有效提高水流速率;“管道+暗管”排灌模式在此基础上,进一步提高水资源利用率、降低水资源蒸发,使农田范围内灌溉更均匀,但成本会更高。本成果可为其他工程的灌溉模式布置提供参考。

The development of farmland irrigation technology makes the irrigation technology develop from the original meeting the irrigation requirements to meeting the needs of economic,water-saving,and eco-friendly social development.This study takes a farmland water conservancy in Kashi district Jiashi County as the research object.Through comparative analysis of the characteristics of the three irrigation and drainage modes,the main conclusions are as follows:The"open channel+open ditch"irrigation and drainage mode can increase the utilization range of water resources,which is of great benefit to Henghe and ecology.The water resources of the river can be used effectively,and it can meet the drainage needs in the dry season and flood season.At the same time,it can realize the recycling of surplus irrigation water and improve the utilization rate of water resources;the"pipe+open ditch"drainage and irrigation model has the function of the aforementioned model.On this basis,it can effectively reduce the utilization rate of land and the evaporation loss of water resources.At the same time,the low-pressure water delivery in the pipeline can effectively increase the water flow rate;on this basis,the"pipe+concealed pipe"drainage and irrigation model can further improve water resources.Utilization rate,reduce water evaporation,and at the same time make irrigation within the farmland more uniform,but at the same time the cost will be higher.The research results of this study can be used as a reference for the layout of other engineering irrigation modes.