陕甘宁地区红富士苹果品质评价

Quality Evaluation of Red Fuji Apples in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Area

以陕西、甘肃、宁夏3个省份(自治区)12个县镇的红富士苹果为试材,依据水果品质测定国家标准,检测其外观品质和内在品质,并通过方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析以及聚类分析评价各产地红富士苹果综合品质,从而科学评价陕甘宁不同产地红富士苹果品质表现。结果表明:1)陕甘宁3省20个产地的红富士苹果在外观品质和内在品质中均存在显著差异,其中果实偏斜度的差异最大,pH差异最小;2)各个品质指标间存在不同程度的相关关系;3)主成分分析结果提取出4个主成分因子,将各主成分得分和相应的权重进行线性加权构建综合评价模型,得出红富士苹果的综合品质表现最好的是宁夏青铜峡广武红富士苹果,陕西黄陵县总体品质较差,3个省份仅根据品质数据综合排名为宁夏、甘肃、陕西;4)通过系统聚类将品质指标聚成4类,果形指数、糖酸比、维生素C含量和可滴定酸含量分别为每一类的代表指标、代表变量作为陕甘宁红富士苹果品质的评价因子。

Taking‘Red Fuji’apples from 12 counties and towns in 3 provinces and regions in Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia as the test materials,the national standards for fruit quality testing was used to test their appearance and internal quality,and evaluated the comprehensive quality of‘Red Fuji’apples from various producing areas through analysis of variance,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,in order to scientifically evaluate the quality performance of Red Fuji apples from different producing areas in Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia.The results showed that,1)Red Fuji apples from 20 producing areas in the 3 provinces of Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia had significant differences in appearance and internal quality.Among them,the difference in fruit skewness was the largest and the difference in pH was the smallest;2)There were different degrees of correlation in various quality indicators;3)The principal component analysis results extract 4 principal component factors,and linearly weight the scores of each principal component and the corresponding weights to construct a comprehensive evaluation model.It was concluded that the overall quality performance of the Red Fuji apple was the best Qingtongxia Guangwu‘Red Fuji’apples from Qingtongxia in Ningxia,and Huangling county,Shaanxi had poor overall quality.The 3 provinces were ranked as Ningxia,Gansu,and Shaanxi based on quality data only;4)The quality indicators were clustered into 4 categories through systematic clustering.The shape index,sugar-acid ratio,vitamin C content and titratable acid content were the representative indicators of each category,and the representative variables were used as the evaluation factors of the quality of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Red Fuji apples.