10种玉簪在榆林地区的生长发育特征及引种评价

Study on Growth and Development Characteristics of Ten Introduced Hosta Cultivars and Their Evaluation in Yulin

为丰富陕北地区的优良地被植物资源,以2016年5月从北京植物园引进的10种玉簪(Hosta)为试验材料,详细观察和记录生长发育规律、植物学特征、长势及抗性等情况,并结合第三年田间表现综合评估10种玉簪在榆林地区的推广价值。结果表明10种玉簪均能适应本地气候,适合在当地栽植。像风信子(Hosta‘Hyacinthina’)、黄边高丛(Hosta‘Aureomarginata’)、白波美边(Hosta‘Albomarginata’)和叶中花纹(Hosta‘Mediovariegata’)长势好、抗性强、长速快,耐粗放管理,不需防寒措施可安全越冬,适合大面积推广,其余品种需采取防寒措施。夏香(Hosta‘Summer Fragrance’)、甜铃(Hosta‘Honeybells’)和甜心(Hosta‘So Sweet’)观赏价值高,当年综合表现突出,可适量栽植,在其他地区推广潜力大。法兰西(Hosta‘Francee’)、凤梨蛋糕(Hosta‘Pineapple Upsidedown Cake’)、金旗(Hosta‘Gold Standard’)观赏价值较高,可小面积示范栽培。研究为玉簪属植物在陕北地区及其他北方地区的栽培应用提供了理论基础和科学依据。

In order to enrich the ground cover plant resources in northern Shaanxi, in this paper, ten Hosta culivars introduced from Beijing Botanical Garden in May 2016 were used as experimental materials.The status of growth and development laws, botanical characteristics, growth and resistance were observed and recorded detailedly. Combined with the field performance in the third year, the promotion value of 10 Hosta cultivars in Yulin area were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that all of them could adapt to the local climate and suitable for planting in Yulin area. Hosta‘Hyacinthina’, Hosta‘Aureomarginata’, Hosta ‘Albomarginata’ and Hosta ‘Medi-ovariegata’ showed good growth vigor, strong resistance, fast growth speed and extensive management tolerance, which could safely survive in the winter without cold protection measures, they were suitable for large-scale promotion, the others hosta needed cold protection measures.The ornamental value of Hosta ‘summer France’, Hosta ‘Honeybells’ and Hosta ‘so sweet’ were chigh, and their comprehensive performance were outstanding in first year, so they could be planted appropriately and had great potential in other areas.Hosta ‘Francee’, Hosta ‘Pineapple Upside-down Cake’ and Hosta ‘Gold Standard’ had relatively high ornamental value and could be cultivated in a small area. This study provides a theoretical and scientific basis for the cultivation and application of Hosta in northern Shaanxi and other northern regions.