麻地膜对铁把瓜生长发育和土壤理化性质的影响

Effect of Hemp Mulch on Growth and Development of Tieba Melon and Physiochemical Properties of Soil

主要研究了麻地膜覆盖栽培对铁把瓜生长发育和土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明与无地膜覆盖栽培处理(CK)相比,麻地膜(T1)处理可降低土壤固相率和容重,增加土壤孔隙度,改善土壤结构,而PE农用薄膜(T2)处理的影响则相反;T1处理还可以提高土壤速效养分和有机质含量,且效果较T2处理更加显著;两种地膜覆盖处理后的土壤全效养分含量和pH值均低于CK,且二者差异性并不显著。生育期观察发现,T1处理可提前铁把瓜植株的授粉日期和果实采收日期,且与PE处理并无明显差别。与CK相比,T1处理可提高果实单果重和单位面积产量,且较T2处理的增产效果显著。与CK相比,T1处理还可提高果实可溶性糖、可溶性固形物以及Vc含量。试验表明麻地膜覆盖栽培适用于设施铁把瓜无公害栽培。

The effect of hemp film mulching cultivation on the growth and development of Tieba melon and the physical and chemical properties of soil was studied in this paper.The results showed that compared with the cultivation treatment without mulching film(CK),the treatment with hemp mulching film(T1)could reduce the solid phase ratio and bulk density of the soil,increase the soil porosity,and improve the soil structure,while the effect of the PE agricultural film(T2)treatment was opposite;T1 treatment could increase soil available nutrient and organic matter content,and the effect was more significant than T2 treatment;the total nutrient content and pH value of the soil after the two mulching treatments were lower than CK,and the difference between the two was not significant.It was found in observation of the growth period that T1 treatment could advance the pollination date and fruit harvest date of the melon plants,and there was no significant difference under the PE treatment.Compared with CK,T1 treatment could increase fruit weight and yield per unit area,and the yield-increasing was more significant than T2 treatment.Compared with CK,T1 treatment could also increase the soluble sugar,soluble solids and Vc content of fruits.The experiment showed that the hemp mulching cultivation is suitable for the non-pollution cultivation of protected-land Tieba melon.