高镍层状氧化物正极材料的结构掺杂与表面修饰研究进展

Research progress on structural doping and surface modification for high nickel layered oxide cathode materials

高镍锂离子电池(LIBs)因具有优良的能量密度和倍率性能,已经受到科研团队和企业的广泛关注。如特斯拉首次将LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05O2)(NCA)正极应用于新能源汽车,取得了显著成功。但是高镍层状氧化物材料仍存在一些亟待解决的问题,如结构稳定还不够好、长期循环后容量衰减快等。因此,为了克服上述问题,不少科研工作者对高镍层状氧化物材料(以NCA材料为主)进行了离子掺杂和表面包覆改性。综述了当前高镍层状氧化物材料改性的方法和手段,以及材料电化学性能提升的机理,为高镍层状氧化物材料的商业应用提供了一定的参考价值。

High-nickel lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have attracted widespread attention from research teams and enterprises due to their high energy density and good rate performance.For example,Tesla’s first application of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05O2)(NCA)cathode in new energy vehicles has achieved great success.However,there are still some problems to be solved urgently in the high-nickel layered oxide materials,such as the structural stability is not good enough,and the capacity decay quickly after long-term cycling.Therefore,in order to overcome the above problems,many researchers have ion doped and surface-coated modified high-nickel layered oxide materials(mainly NCA).The current methods and methods of modifying high-nickel layered oxide materials,as well as the mechanism of improving the electrochemical performance of the materials were summarized.It provided a certain reference value for the future commercial application of high nickel layered oxide materials.