费孝通“文化自觉”思想及其在新时代的意义

FEI Xiaotong’s“Cultural Consciousness”thought and its significance in the new era

“文化自觉”是费孝通晚年提出的一个重要思想。“文化自觉”思想的提出,缘起于中西文化交流历史,既有冷战结束后世界范围内的文明冲突原因,也有自近代以来中国人对待中西文化心态嬗变的缘故。“文化自觉”思想的提出,还离不开费孝通对自己的学术进行的反思。“文化自觉”思想是解决在全球化背景下,如何构建一个“和而不同”“多元一体”全球人文格局的问题。这首先需要一个正确的“心态”,需要正确认识中国文化、西方文化,以及了解二者正确的相处之道。“文化自觉”与构建“人类命运共同体”有异曲同工之处,二者都重视文明、文化在构建一个和平、稳定世界秩序过程中所起的作用。

“Cultural self-consciousness”is an important idea put forward by FEI Xiaotong in his later years.The idea of“cultural self-consciousness”comes from the origin of the collision of Chinese and Western cultures,the intensification of civilization conflicts in the world after the end of the cold war and the evolution of Chinese people’s attitude towards Chinese and Western cultures since modern times.The idea of“cultural self-consciousness”cannot be separated from the result of FEI Xiaotong’s reflection on his own academics.The“cultural self-consciousness”idea is to solve the problem of how to build a pattern of“harmony without uniformity”“diversity in unity”in the context of globalization.This requires a correct“mindset”,a correct understanding of Chinese culture,Western culture,and understanding of the correct way of their co-existen ce.“Cultural self-consciousness”and the construction of“A community of shared future for mankind”have similarities.Both attach importance to the civilization and culture in the process of building a peaceful and stable world order.