《广韵》《集韵》中“㦼”的字形与词义考

A Study of the Chinese Character Form and Meaning of“Shuang”in Guangyun and Jiyun

《广韵》和《集韵》是我国中古时期的两部重要韵书,在字音、字形、字义等方面有着重要的学术价值。《广韵》去声收入了“㦼”字。《集韵》的编纂时间晚于《广韵》,它在编纂过程中参考了《广韵》。对于《广韵》的“㦼”字条,《集韵》沿用了释义,参考了注音,但是字形与《广韵》的“㦼”字明显不同。从中国最早的字典《说文解字》的相关释义看,《广韵》“㦼”字的字形是错误的,《集韵》则是正确的。自《广韵》以来,除了《集韵》之外的各种韵书、字书、语文辞书,不仅沿用了《广韵》“㦼”字的错误字形,同时在释义上也不够明晰、完善。这一考证成果在前人研究的基础上,对“㦼”字做了字形的分析和辨误。同时,还参考著名语言学家金有景先生《方言古语词》未刊稿的相关内容,就“㦼”的释义问题做了进一步的讨论。这些对今后语文辞书相关条目的编纂可以起到借鉴作用。

From the related interpretation of Shuowen Jiezi,the earliest dictionary in China,we can see that the shape of“shuang”in Guangyun is wrong,while it is correct in Jiyun.Since Guangyun,in addition to Jiyun,all kinds of rhyme books,character books and Chinese dictionaries have not only adopted the wrong form of“shuang”in Guangyun,but also not clear and perfect in interpretation.This paper makes an analysis of the character“shuang”and distinguishes its errors.At the same time,referring to the unpublished manuscript of the famous linguist Jin Youjing’s Ancient Chinese Vocabulary in Chinese Dialects,this paper makes a further discussion on the interpretation of“shuang”.