基于全球导航卫星系统和铱星通讯的表面漂流浮标设计及其试验性应用

Design and Experimental Application of Surface Drift Buoy Based on GNSS and Iridium Communication

本文基于可以同时接收包括北斗、GPS和GLONASS在内的全球导航卫星系统的定位模块和铱星远程通讯模块,介绍了长航时、适用于全球水域和极地冰区的表面漂流浮标设计和组成,并对其测流性能进行了理论分析。通过中国第10次北极科学考察队在北极楚科奇海和白令海的试验性应用表明,相比目前常用的Argos表面漂流浮标,该浮标具有数据传输频率和有效性高、定位精度和流速反演高、功耗低和寿命周期长、适用于高海况和海冰密集度高的恶劣海域,并可进行后期功能拓展等特点。这一浮标技术的研究对于支撑我国极地观测网和全球海洋视测网建设可以起到重要作用。

Based on the global navigation satellite system(GNSS, including Beidou, GPS and GLONASS), and Iridium 9602 remote communication module, the design and composition of long endurance surface drifting buoy suitable for global waters and polar ice regions is introduced, and its theoretical current measurement performance is analyzed. Compared with the Argos surface drifting buoy commonly used at present, the experimental application during the 10th Arctic scientific expedition of China in the Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea shows that the buoy has characters such as high data transmission frequency and effectiveness, high positioning accuracy and velocity accuracy, low power consumption and long life cycle, and is suitable for the sea areas with high sea conditions and high sea ice density, and variable functional expansion ability. This kind of buoy can play an important role in supporting the construction of China’s Polar Observation Network and global ocean monitoring network.