汉语二语学习者同形语素意识的发展及影响因素

A Study on the Development and Influencing Factors of Homograph Awareness of CSL Learners

同形语素意识包括同形同音语素意识和同形异音语素意识两个方面。通过对216名准中级以上的汉语学习者同形语素意识的考察,发现同形语素意识随着汉语水平的提高而发展,但子系统发展极不均衡。同形同音语素意识在中级阶段初步具备,从中级到准高级阶段显著提高,但从准高级到高级阶段增长不显著。同形异音语素意识的发展显著落后于同形同音语素意识,高级阶段才初步具备,而且发展水平较低。语素位置对同形同音语素意识有显著影响,语素语音差异和等级对同形异音语素意识有显著影响。

Homograph awareness includes homophonic homograph awareness and heterophonic homograph awareness.Based on the investigation of the homograph awarenesss of 216 Chinese learners who are at or above quasi-intermediate level,it is found that homograph awareness develops with the improvement of Chinese proficiency,but the development is unbalanced in the different homograph types.At the intermediate level,learners began to develop homophonic homograph awareness.A significant improvement occurred from intermediate to quasi-advanced stage,but there is no significant improvement from quasi-advanced to advanced stage.The development of heterophonic homograph awareness significantly lags behind that of homophonic homograph awareness.Morpheme position has a significant effect on homophonic homograph awareness,while morpheme phonetic differences and morpheme tiers have a significant impact on heterophonic homograph awareness.