英国现代学徒制的演进历程、逻辑与启示——基于经济社会学视角的分析

The evolution,logic and enlightenment of modern apprenticeship in Britain——Analysis from the perspective of economic sociology

现代学徒制是职业教育较为典型的一种发展模式。职业教育与社会经济生产活动以及社会分层结构紧密联系,经济社会学为审视现代学徒制提供了崭新的视角。在梳理英国现代学徒制演进历程的基础上,从经济社会学的角度剖析其演进逻辑,即经济社会的发展需求催生现代学徒制,产业结构塑造着现代学徒制的服务定位,经济运行模式制约着现代学徒制的纵深程度。我国在建立和推广现代学徒制的过程中,可以借鉴英国的做法,通过强化立法引领和保障、构建专门机构或部门、健全国家资格框架体系、聚焦产业结构和经济运行模式等途径,助力现代学徒制的构建与日臻完善。

Modern apprenticeship is a typical development model of vocational education.Vocational education is closely linked with social economic production activities and social stratification structure.Economic sociology provides a new analytical perspective for examining modern apprenticeship.On the basis of combing the evolution process of modern apprenticeship in Britain,this paper analyzes its evolution logic from the perspective of economic sociology,that is,the development demand of economic society promotes modern apprenticeship,industrial structure shapes the service orientation of modern apprenticeship,and economic operation mode restricts the depth of modern apprenticeship.In the process of establishing and promoting modern apprenticeship,China can learn from the practice of Britain to help the construction and improvement of modern apprenticeship by strengthening legislative guidance and guarantee,constructing specialized institutions or departments,perfecting national qualification framework system,focusing on industrial structure and economic operation mode and other ways.