器官芯片在眼科领域的研究进展

Research advances on application of organs-on-chips in ophthalmology

器官芯片是生命科学领域的新兴前沿科学,它利用微流控技术构建以模拟人体组织和器官功能为目标的集成微系统,可以为药物筛选和疫苗的有效性、安全性评估以及其他多种生物医学研究提供更接近人体真实生理和病理条件的低成本研究模型。器官芯片不仅可以模拟人体目标器官的三维微环境,而且具备样品消耗少、检测速度快、操作简便、多功能集成、精度高、自动化和便携等优点,拥有简化采集标本及诊断流程,助力提高医疗效果的巨大潜力。目前,微流控器官芯片技术正以惊人的速度快速发展,心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺脏以及血管等全身多个器官组织相关芯片产品陆续研发成功。眼科领域的器官芯片研究目前集中在角膜相关疾病、视网膜及脉络膜疾病等。本文就器官芯片在眼科领域中的研究进展进行综述。

Organs-on-chips(OOCs)technology is one of the cutting-edge research hotspots.Using the microfluidic chip system,an integrated microsystem is constructed to simulate the functions of human tissues and organs,which can be used for drug screening,vaccine effectiveness and biological safety evaluation and an unprecedented cheap and convenient platform establishment.OOCs technology can not only simulate the three-dimensional microenvironment of human target organs,but also show great potential in simplifying the sample collection and diagnosis process to improve the medical effect based on the characteristics of small sample size,fast detection speed,convenient operation,high precision,multi-function and automation.At present,OOCs technology is developing at an astonishing speed.In many organs and tissues such as heart,kidney,liver,lung and blood vessels,the related OOCs products have been successfully developed.The research of OOCs in ophthalmology focuses on corneal,retinal and choroidal diseases.This paper reviews the research progress of OOCs in the field of ophthalmology.