非认知能力能否缓解过度教育的收入惩罚效应?——基于CFPS2018的实证分析

Can Non-Cognitive Ability Mitigates the Income Penalty Effect of Over-education? An Empirical Study Based on CFPS2018

本文利用2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的微观调查数据,分析了我国劳动力市场教育匹配现状,并重点研究了非认知能力对过度教育的收入效应的影响。实证结果发现,非认知能力能够解释个体工资的差异,缩小同等学历下适度教育者与过度教育者之间的收益率差距,缓解过度教育的收入惩罚。非认知能力高的过度教育者受到的收入惩罚更小。在非认知能力的5个细分维度中,严谨性和外向性有助于缓解过度教育的收入效应。过度教育者越富有进取心、越善于人际交往,其所接受到的收入惩罚也将相应减少。

Using the data from 2018 China Family Panel Study(CFPS),this paper analyzes the current situation of educational match in China’s labor market and focuses on the impact of non-cognitive ability on the income effect of over-education.The empirical results show that non-cognitive ability can explain individual wage differences,narrow the yield gap between the matched and the over-educated with the same education level,and alleviate the income penalty from over-education.Over-educators with high non-cognitive abilities can receive less income penalty.Conscientiousness and extroversion help mitigate the income effect of over-education across the five subcategories of non-cognitive ability.The more aggressive and sociable the over-educated are,the less the income penalty they will receive.