Trace amine-associated receptors at the cross-road between innate olfaction of amines, emotions, and adult neurogenesis

Trace amines are the class of endogenous biogenic amines that traditionally include beta-phenylethylamine,p-tyramine,tryptamine,octopamine,and o thers.Many t race amines represent products of amino acids decarboxylation by bacterial decarboxylases during tissue putrefaction or by endogenous decarboxylases in the body.Production of trace amines by gut microbiota is also known(Berry et al.,2017;Gainetdinov et al.,2018).Thus,trace amines are enriched during the decomposition of proteins and concentrated in certain bodily fluids.