典型山地河流植物繁殖体特征——以九龙江源头溪流地村溪为例

Spatial pattern of plant propagules along mountain river:A case of Dicun Stream,the source of Jiulong River

植物繁殖体特性和分布特征对植物定植和群落更新具有重要意义,对山地河流生态恢复有着重要作用。以长约32 km的九龙江源头地村溪为对象,间隔2 km均匀布设16个样地,收集植物繁殖体并记录环境因子,开展山地河流植物繁殖体特性及其空间分布特征研究。结果表明:沿自上游至下游的纵向梯度,植物繁殖体物种数逐渐降低;植物繁殖体以草本植物为主,部分植物繁殖体同时具备多种附属物,蒴果是优势果实类型;在纵向梯度上,植物繁殖体4种传播方式的物种数呈现下降趋势,4种传播方式物种数下降幅度为自体传播<风传播<水传播<动物传播;植物繁殖体物种数、传播方式受多种因素影响,人为干扰在其中起到关键作用。总体而言,山地河流河岸植物繁殖体种类多,其多样的传播方式受自体特征和环境因素影响,人为因素的干扰尤为明显。

The characteristics and distribution of plant propagules are of great significance to plant colonization and community regeneration,and thus to ecological restoration of mountain rivers.Taking Dicun Stream(32 km long),the source of Jiulong River,as the research object,16 plots were evenly set at 2-km intervals,within which plant propagules were collected and environmental factors were recorded.The characteristics and spatial distribution of plant propagules along the mountain river were examined.Along the vertical gradient from upstream to downstream,the abundance of plant propagules decreased gradually.Propagules were mainly contributed by herbaceous plants.Some of them had several appendages simultaneously,and capsule was the dominant fruit type.In the longitudinal gradient,species richness of plant propagules in the four dispersal modes showed a downward trend,with the magnitude of reduction following an order of autochory<anemochory<hydrochory<zoochory.The species number of plant propagules and the way of dispersal were affected by many factors,in which human interference played a key role.In conclusion,there were many species of riparian plant propagules along the mountain river,the dispersal modes of which were affected by their own characteristics and environmental factors,especially the interference of human factors.