航运圆桌 谋势应变

Focus:Shipping Roundtable·revolution and response

百年变局和世纪疫情叠加,给世界经济发展和民生改善带来严重挑战,必须危中寻机。从刚刚于北京闭幕的第二届联合国全球可持续交通大会,到即将在上海开幕的首届北外滩国际航运论坛,无不聚焦于变局下交通物流行业所面临之挑战与机遇,探寻产业转型升级、实现可持续发展之道。面对能源转型、航运低碳发展、贸易格局重塑、国际规则变化、技术革新等行业发展新格局,航运界如何做到因时因势,以变应变,已成为当下全球航运业发展的重要命题。

Century-old changes and COVID-19 have posed serious challenges to global economic development and the improvement of people's lives.From the second United Nations Global Sustainable Transportation Conference just concluded in Beijing to the first North Bund International Shipping Forum to be opened in Shanghai,the focus is on the challenges and opportunities faced by the transportation and logistics industry under the changing situation,and to explore the path of industrial transformation and upgrading to achieve sustainable development.In the face of new industry development patterns such as energy transformation,low-carbon development of shipping,remolding of trade pattern,change of international rules and technological innovation,how to adapt to the changing situation and adapt to the changing situation has become an important proposition for the development of the global shipping industry.In the Shipping Roundtable launched by the Focus Column of this issue,we invited 16 representatives from the industry to discuss the development of"trend",the connotation of"change",and how to achieve development and harmony in the change around the current topics of concern in the industry.It is hoped that their insights will help the shipping industry solve the problems of the times,resolve risks and challenges,and promote innovation and development.Q1.How to integrate the concept of green and low-carbon development into every link of port and shipping logistics industry and jointly promote the overall green and low-carbon development of the industry?The transformation of shipping into the future is the innovation of maritime and even land and sea transportation system.Considering the low-carbon development from the main system of the industrial chain,this is the system theory of shipping low-carbon development.If we don't plan for the future,we can't win the present.China's shipping industry should not only improve and make good use of the current system,but also resolve to work with stakeholders to research and apply more efficient technologies,give full play to China's institutional advantages,and lead the low-carbon transformation of the global shipping industry through technological innovation.As the world's largest shipbuilding industry,China's shipbuilding industry should shoulder greater responsibility to help China's shipping industry with technology and equipment to reshape the maritime transport system.China should take a more active part in international maritime legislation,and make greater efforts to build consensus,promote it systematically,apply new technologies,share resources and take unified actions globally.Q2.Under the new situation,what are the opportunities and challenges of Shanghai International Shipping Center facing?How will the future force?Shanghai International Shipping Center need to adapt to the global shipping from service shipowner to service shipper to the new trend of service supply chain.In order to enhance the innovation ability of supply chain as the core,accelerate the transformation and upgrading of development,the international shipping center,and realize digitalization,greening,internationalization,under the rule of law,in the innovation and transformation in the new round of international shipping center to strengthen leading and leading role,it will provide a new platform and carrier for building a new development landscape.Q3.At present,what challenges does the container shipping market face?How to respond to industry trends?As a responsible central enterprise,COSCO SHIPPING Group focuses on the main responsibilities and businesses in ensuring the smooth flow of supply chain,adheres to the problem-oriented approach,concentrates on dealing with the most prominent contradictions in the market,and provides customers with the most needed services in the face of numerous difficulties.Since the third quarter of 2020,COSCO SHIPPING has put all of its capacity into the market.In view of the still severe contradiction between supply and demand of container capacity,we have one hand to speed up ships,increase the turnover rate of single ships and transport efficiency so that the"empty"ships become"new"capacity.The other hand is transferred from the domestic trade route part of the surplus capacity to meet the demand of foreign trade concentrated shipment.Q4.What is the impact of port congestion on supply chains?How should global ports cope with and solve congestion problems?COSCO SHIPPING Ports Ltd.established the"digital"service quality indicators to monitor system by means of"digital".The GSBN platform based on blockchain technology,initiated by COSCO SHIPPING and participated by SIPG and other enterprises,realizes paperless cargo release,greatly shortens the entire processing cycle,and helps Tesla Shanghai factory to pick up parts containers that arrive in Shanghai on the same day,significantly increasing the actual capacity of the port.Q5.What new development trends will emerge in the dry bulk shipping market?What impact will Peak Carbon bring to the industry?In the next five years,when the epidemic recedes,the market will return to the investment equilibrium point,and may even fall to the level of the five years before the epidemic due to the economic and financial crisis.In addition,regional politics and a shift in the Chinese market towards more internal circulation could create uncertainty for shipping.In the increasingly pure international dry bulk cargo transport market,there are fewer and fewer players.The immediate supply and demand changes have a huge impact on the market,especially for Capesize ships.The influencing factors include changes in the trade market of iron ore and coal,changes in tonnage miles and changes in effective shipping capacity.Q6.What is the situation of global oil and gas supply and demand under the dual carbon target?What challenges will energy transition bring to the oil transportation market?How will oil transport enterprise break through?It is very difficult for domestic crude oil production to maintain a steady output of 200 million tons depending on the existing exploration fields.Compared with the consumption demand under the"carbon neutral"goal,there is still a gap of 100 million tons.Under the"dual carbon"goal,China's oil supply is still in shortage.Although there is a great space for development of natural gas in China,the annual output of natural gas is expected to reach 250~300 billion cubic meters by 2030,but there is still a large gap compared with the growing consumption demand,and the dependence of natural gas will continue to rise.Therefore,under the"dual carbon"target,China still needs to rely on imports of oil and gas,and the security supply situation is not optimistic.Therefore,great efforts should be made to organize domestic crude oil and natural gas production,and multiple policies should be taken to ensure the smooth and safety of oil and gas import channels.