国外大气中消耗臭氧层物质及其替代物的监测概况与启示

Overview and Enlightenment of Monitoring of Ozone Depleting Substances and Their Substitutes in the Atmosphere Aboard

大气中消耗臭氧层物质(ODS)及其替代物监测是科学评估履约成效的重要基础。美国等发达国家针对大气中ODS及其替代物开展了长期的网络化监测,中国相关监测起步相对较晚,基础比较薄弱。该文总结了发达国家大气中ODS及其替代物的监测经验,分析了中国的监测现状及存在的问题,提出了中国大气中ODS及其替代物监测的建议:明确监测目标,推进国家大气中ODS及其替代物监测网络建设;加快相关监测设备研发及方法研究进程,形成规范统一的监测技术体系;定期开展监测数据质量评价,加强综合分析利用。通过采取相应措施,逐步形成中国履行保护臭氧层国际环境公约的监测支撑能力。

Monitoring of ozone depleting substances(ODS)and their substitutes in the atmosphere is an important basis for scientific evaluation of implementation of international conventions.The United States and other developed countries have carried out long-term network monitoring for ODS and their substitutes in the atmosphere.However,the monitoring in China started late and the foundation was weak.In this study,the relevant monitoring experience in developed countries were summarized,while the monitoring status and existing problems in China were also analyzed.Suggestions for monitoring of ODS and their substitutes in the atmosphere in China were as follows:Clarify monitoring targets and promote the construction of national monitoring network for ODS and their substitutes in the atmosphere;Speed up processes of equipment development and method research and form a standardized and unified monitoring technical system;Carry out quality evaluations of monitoring data regularly and strengthen comprehensive analysis.Through these measures,monitoring support capacities of implementation of the international convention on protection of ozone layer would be gradually formed.