从个体到集体:心理学视角下的集体记忆

From individual to collective:Collective memory from a psychological perspective

基于拓展思维的社会互动主义视角,采用流行病学研究思路,记忆的形成与维护构成了集体记忆心理学研究的核心问题。相关研究一方面以“对话”为研究语境,系统阐释了集体记忆形成中的社会传染、检索诱发遗忘、共享现实和网络聚合等心理机制;另一方面,聚焦于既存的记忆,阐释了集体记忆有效性的心理原则,同时,记忆的身份关联性得到了确证。集体记忆心理学研究仍需拓展视野,加强对文化记忆的有效性研究,密切关注媒介技术变革引发的记忆变化,积极推进本土化研究。

The study on formation and maintenance of memory,by adopting social interactionism perspective of extended mind and epidemiological research methods,has evolved into the central theme of psychological study of collective memory.The current study,on the one hand,adopts the context of dialogues to illustrate the psychological system of social contagion,retrieval-induced forgetting,shared reality and network convergence;on the other hand,centered on the extant collective memory,the study explores the psychological system of effective collective memory and confirms the identity relevance of memory.The study finally points out that psychological study of collective memory should emphasize the effectiveness of cultural memory,and by integrating the transformation in media technology,localization of collective memory should be promoted.