大一新生抑郁情绪发生特点及教育策略

Characteristics and Educational Strategies of Depression in Freshmen

为了调查大一新生抑郁情绪现状,以海南某高校2020级新生为研究对象,使用一般调查资料和SDS自评问卷进行调查。结果显示,大一新生抑郁率为26.4%,轻度抑郁者、中度抑郁者和重度抑郁者占比分别为16.3%、7.6%、2.5%,文科学生抑郁率显著高于理工科学生,抑郁情绪与父母受教育水平等有一定的关系,性别与抑郁的发生也有统计学意义。调查表明,大一新生抑郁发生率处在较高水平,高校应该加强对大一新生的心理健康监测,通过在入学初期开展心理健康教育、提供社会支持等方式,提高大一新生应对负性情绪的意识和能力,预防负性事件发生。

In order to investigate the depression status of freshmen,the 2020 freshmen of a university in Hainan were taken as the research object,and the general survey data and SDS Self-Evaluation Questionnaire were used.The results showed that the depression rate of freshmen was 26.4%,of which mild depression accounted for 16.3%,moderate depression 7.6%,and severe depression 2.5%.The depression rate of liberal arts students was significantly higher than that of science and engineering students.There was a certain relationship between depression and parents’education level.Moreover,there was statistical significance between gender and the occurrence of depression.It is evident that the incidence of depression in freshmen is at a high level.Therefore,universities should strengthen the mental health monitoring of freshmen,improve their awareness and ability to deal with negative emotions,and prevent the occurrence of negative events by carrying out mental health education and providing social support at the early stage of enrollment.