2012—2019年杭州市拱墅区5种性传播疾病流行特征和趋势分析

Epidemiological characteristics and trends of five sexually transmitted diseases in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City from 2012 to 2019

【目的】分析杭州市拱墅区5种性传播疾病的流行特征及趋势,为制订防控策略提供依据。【方法】对2012—2019年拱墅区5种性传播疾病监测数据进行描述性流行病学分析。【结果】2012—2019年拱墅区累计报告5种性传播疾病9767例,年均发病率为218.35/10万,呈现下降趋势(χ趋势^(2)=82.60,P<0.001)。高发地区为祥符、上塘和大关街道,共报告发病4136例,占总发病数的42.34%。职业构成比例较高的依次为商业服务(35.89%)、工人(19.03%)和家务及待业(15.94%)。梅毒分期构成以隐性梅毒为主,其构成比年均增长率为14.08%,一期梅毒和二期梅毒所占构成比逐年减少,年均减少率依次为36.86%和18.77%。女性生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的年均发病率(100.03/10万)高于男性年均发病率(31.88/10万)。男性尖锐湿疣年均发病率(24.68/10万)高于女性年均发病率(16.80/10万)。男性淋病年均发病率(75.41/10万)高于女性年均发病率(13.06/10万)。【结论】拱墅区5种性传播疾病发病得到有效控制。有必要对高发地区的高风险人群开展健康教育、行为干预、性病筛查和提供规范诊疗服务,控制性传播疾病流行。通过强化门诊健康教育和优化实验室检测项目,减小尖锐湿疣、淋病和生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病的性别差异。

[Objective]To investigate epidemiological characteristics and trends of five sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City,and to provide evidence for the development of control strategies.[Methods]Data of five STDs from 2012 to 2019 in Gongshu District were collected and then analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.[Results]In 2012-2019,a total of 9767 STD cases were reported in Gongshu,with an average incidence rate of 218.35 per 100000.The overall incidence rate of STD tended to decline over years(χ^(2)=82.60,P<0.001).The areas with high incidence were mainly Xiangfu sub-district,Shangtang sub-district and Daguan sub-district with a total of 4136 cases,accounting for 42.34%.The occupations with the highest proportion were business service(35.89%),worker(19.03%),household work and unemployment(15.94%).Latent syphilis was the main stage of syphilis,which increased at an average annual rate of 14.08%.The proportion of primary syphilis and secondary syphilis decreased over years,with the average annual reduction rate of 36.86%and 18.77%,respectively.The average annual incidence of genital chlamydia trachomatis infection in females(100.03 per 100000)was higher than that in males(31.88 per 100000).The average annual incidence of condyloma acuminatum in males(24.68 per 100000)was higher than that in females(16.80 per 100000).The average annual incidence of gonorrhea in males(75.41 per 100000)was higher than that in females(13.06 per 100000).[Conclusion]The incidence of five STDs in Gongshu District is effectively controlled.It warrants health education,behavioral intervention,STD screening,and standardized diagnosis and treatment services for high-risk groups in high-risk areas to control the epidemic of STDs.Gender differences in reported incidence of condyloma acuminatum,gonorrhea and genital chlamydia trachomatis infection may be reduced by strengthening outpatient health education and optimizing laboratory examinations.