列宁主义在中国的早期传播——以《东方杂志》1917—1920年的刊文为考察中心

The Early Spread of Leninism in China:Taking the Articles Published by The Eastern Miscellany from 1917 to 1920 as an Investigation Center

1917—1920年《东方杂志》刊登了一系列介绍俄国政治、经济和社会等方面的文章,为列宁主义在中国的早期传播发挥了重要作用,具有不可忽视的地位。从这一系列刊文可见,面对中国进入现代化启蒙阶段的国内现状与资本主义进入帝国主义阶段、无产阶级革命首先在俄国取得胜利的国际变局,中国知识分子开始关注俄国的政治革命与布尔什维克党的政治主张,分析俄国的经济制度与土地政策。部分知识分子对列宁主义的早期认识存在一定误区,不能正确地对俄国政治革命与经济制度进行理论分析,但点燃了列宁主义在中国传播的星星之火,留下了进一步传播的广阔空间。随着列宁主义在中国的进一步传播,列宁主义与布尔什维克党的形象在中国知识分子心中完成了从负面向正面的转变,列宁主义的科学性逐渐被中国知识分子认识到。

From 1917 to 1920, The Eastern Miscellany published a series of articles introducing Russia including politics, economy, and social life. It was helpful for the early spread of Leninism in China. The international change at the time was that capitalism entered the stage of imperialism and the proletarian revolution first triumphed in Russia. The domestic change at the time was China began the enlightenment of modernization. It can be seen from this series of articles that facing international and domestic changes Chinese intellectuals have begun to pay attention to Russia’s political revolution and the Bolshevik Party. Then they began to analyze Russia’s economic system and land policy. Some intellectuals had some misunderstandings in Leninism and can’t make a theoretical analysis of Russia’s political revolution and economic system. But it ignited a single spark to spread Leninism in China, leaving a vast space for further spread. With the early spread of Leninism in China, the image of Leninism and the Bolshevik Party has been transformed from negative to positive, and the scientific character of Leninism has gradually been recognized by Chinese intellectuals.