不同配比育苗基质对番茄幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Different Substrate Proportions on Tomato Seedlings Growth

为筛选合适的番茄育苗基质,通过以农业废弃物牛粪、花生壳、蛭石等为材料,并按照一定比例制成5种不同配比的育苗基质,以通用基质(成分为河沙、珍珠岩、竹削)为对照,对其物理性状以及供试品种黑珍珠番茄幼苗生长的前期进行了研究。研究结果初步表明:不同配方育苗基质的容重为0.47~0.81g·cm-3,总孔隙度为69.33%~83.03%,持水孔隙度为52.37%~66.02%,pH在7.20~7.97;综合番茄幼苗的形态指标,T3配方(牛粪:花生壳:蛭石:通用基质=2∶2∶4∶2)有利于番茄幼苗的生长,长势最强,其株高、茎粗、地上地下部干鲜重最好,壮苗指数、出苗率最高,可用作番茄育苗基质。

To screen the suitable seedling substrate for tomato,using cow dung,peanut shell and vermiculite as material and the general substrate(river sand,perlite and bamboo cutting)as CK,we made five different seedling substrates in a certain proportion to study their physical characteristics and the effect on the pre-growth of tomato seeding.The results showed that bulk density of seedling substrate is 0.47~0.81 g/cm^(3),total porosity is 69.33%~83.03%,the water porosity is 52.37%~70.06%,and pH is 7.20~7.97;According to the comprehensive morphological indicators of tomato seedlings,T3 formula(cow dung:peanut shell:vermiculite:general substrate=2:2:4:2)is conducive to the growth of tomato seedlings.Seedlings grew vigorously,the plant height,stem thick,ground and underground dry and fresh weight were best,and the strong seedling index and seeding rate were highest on T3 formula.So T3 formula can be used as the seedling substrate for tomato.