《宋元戏曲考》的研究思维与戏曲学术的现代转捩

The Thinking of Research in History of Xiqu in The Song and Yuan Dynasties and the Modern Transition of Xiqu Studies

王国维的《宋元戏曲考》是学界公认的现代戏曲学奠基之作,一直以来备受关注与研究。文章从关注现当代戏曲学术的专业化、自律化问题出发,对《宋元戏曲考》的研究思维及其代表戏曲学术现代转捩的主要含义进行学术史层面的检视与研究,指出并论析了该学术经典至少汇聚着“考据思维”“究源考变思维”“联系比较思维”“概念思维”“论证思维”“学科创新思维”等汇通中西的研究思维及方法,并且在注重学术自律、逻辑论证以及学科创设等方面体现出戏曲学术的现代转捩。当代戏曲学既要充分继承《宋元戏曲考》中所蕴含的学术自律精神,又要大力发展戏曲本体分析思维,从而推进戏曲学术与当下戏曲艺术实践的深度互动。

Wang Guowei’s History of Xiqu in the Song and Yuan Dynasties is recognized by academia as the foundation work of modern study on Xiqu.In this article, from the point of view in the academic history of research thinking, focusing on the professionalization and self-discipline in Modern XiquResearch, we take a further step in studying the thinking of research in the history of Xiqu in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and the contemporary transition of Xiqu Studies in a more comprehensive and in-depth manner based on previous research by others.We conclude that the research of Wang Guowei, with both Chinese and western research thinking and method integrated, consists of at least Textual Research, Source Traceability and Variety Research, Comparative Research, Conceptual Thinking, Argumentative Thinking, Subject Innovational Thinking, etc. It embodies the modern transition in Xuqi Studies in aspects of the valuation of academic self-discipline, logical argumentation, and subject innovation. Finally, we propose that the contemporary Xiqu Studies should inherit the academic self-discipline in the History of Xiqu in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and move forward with the analytical and ontological thinking in Xiqu studies. We promote and expect more interaction between academic research and contemporary Xiqu practice.