某化工企业离子膜烧碱装置、聚氯乙烯装置职业病危害因素调查

Survey on occupational hazards of ion-exchange membrane caustic soda unit and polyvinyl chloride unit in a chemical enterprise

目的识别、分析某化工企业离子膜烧碱装置、聚氯乙烯装置生产过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素,确定职业病危害的关键控制点,提出关键控制措施。方法采用职业卫生现场调查法、职业卫生检测和综合分析法对本项目进行评价。结果离子膜烧碱装置、聚氯乙烯装置存在的主要职业病危害因素为聚氯乙烯粉尘、其他粉尘(电石)、氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯、氢氧化钠、硫化氢、磷化氢、氯化氢、氯化汞、硫酸、磷酸、一氧化碳、噪声、高温。检测结果表明,其他粉尘(电石)的浓度超标岗位2个,噪声40 h超过85 dB(A)岗位15个。结论企业应改进粉尘作业场所的防护设施,加强人员的职业健康监护,确保工人的身体健康。

Objective To identify and analyze the occupational hazards of ion-exchange membrane caustic soda unit and polyvinyl chloride unit in a chemical enterprise, and determine key control points of occupational hazards and suggest some preventive measures.Methods Through occupational hygiene investigation, inspection and analytical methods, evaluated the level of exposure to occupational hazards of ion-exchange membrane caustic soda unit and polyvinyl chloride unit in a chemical enterprise.Results The mainly occupational hazards included pvc dust, other dust(calcium carbide), vinyl chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorine, sodium hydroxide, phosphine, hydrogen chloride, mercury chloride, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, carbon monoxide, noise, heat stress, etc. The detection results showed that two other dust(calcium carbide) concentration post exceeded the standard and fifteen noise intensities(Lex, 40 h) were over 85 dB(A).Conclusion It is suggested to improve the protection facilities of dust working places and enhance occupational health surveillance to assure the worker’s health.