基于地震灾害的分层应急通信保障策略研究

Research on stratified emergency communication guarantee strategy of earthquake disaster

近年来,我国每年因地震等自然灾害造成人员伤亡,财产损失是巨大的,震后电力中断、通信设备受损往往会造成通信盲区,给通信指挥、通信保障带来巨大挑战,因此加强震后应急通信保障策略研究成为政府、学者关注的重点。文章基于震后环境特点,结合通信业务需求及各类通信方式的特点提出一种分层应急通信保障策略,该策略首先依据灾区受损程度进行分层,分为全域、边缘以及核心层,按照卫星全域覆盖,无人机空基通信边缘覆盖,短波电台+应急通信车补充覆盖的通信保障理念进行通信保障,该策略相对于传统的应急通信保障方式具有快速高效集成,可操作性强,技术相对成熟等优点,对于提升应急通信保障效益具有一定促进作用。

In recent years,the losses caused by natural disasters and other emergencies in our country are huge every year such as the suspense of electricity after the earthquake and blind sports due to the damaged communication equipment,which poses a big challenge for communication command and support.Therefore,the scholars and countries around the world put strengthening the research on emergency communication support strategy as a priority.In this paper,a hierarchical emergency communication support strategy is proposed,which is mainly based on the characteristics of the geographical environment combined with that of demands of telecommunication services and varied communication mode.According to damaged degrees,the hierarchy including the universe,edge and core area is conducted by the coverage of global satellite,UAV relay communication edge coverage,shortwave radio+emergency communication vehicle supplementary coverage.Compared with the traditional emergency communication support,it has many advantages like an integration of speed and efficiency,strong operability,and relatively mature technology,contributing to elevating the benefits of Emergency Communication Guarantee.