云南文山岩画的多样性风格研究

A Research on the Diverse Styles of the Wenshan Rock Arts in Yunnan Province

文山岩画是近年来新发现的岩画遗址,它数量众多、题材广泛、内容丰富。其具有多样性的风格特征,不仅有西南岩画系统的特征,而且还兼具东南岩画系统和北方岩画系统的特点。多样性风格是多元文化交流与融合的反映,是古代民族迁徙、融合的重要见证,多样性的风格特征更显示出文山岩画的创作族属并非单一族属。文山岩画的创作族属兼有濮人和越人,在后世的发展中,部分濮人和越人呈现出了逐渐融合的趋势。濮人和越人融合之后最为直接的后裔为今壮傣民族,亦即文山岩画的创作族属为今天的壮族、布依族、侗族、傣族、水族等。

Wenshan Rock Arts are newly discovered in large quantities with a wide range of subjects and rich content. Through field investigation, the author unravels the diverse stylistic features of them, which not only possess the traits of the rock art system of southwest China, but also combine the characteristics of both the southeastern and northern rock art systems. The diverse styles reflect multi-cultural exchange and integration, which result from the migration and integration of ancient ethnic groups, and also demonstrate that the Wenshan Rock Arts were not solely created by one ethnic group. Through the stylistic analysis of iconology, the author believes that the Wenshan Rock Arts were the joint-creation of the Pu and Yue peoples, who had shown a growing tendency of integration in the later generations. The direct descendants after the integration of Pu and Yue peoples are present-day Zhuang and Dai peoples, that is, the creators of Wenshan Rock Arts were the ancestors of today’s Zhuang, Buyi, Dong, Dai, and Shui peoples, etc.