市场公平竞争审查:多重博弈与制度优化

Market Fair Competition Review:Multiple Games and Institutional Perfection

公平竞争审查在优化营商环境、维护市场自由公平竞争方面具有突出的制度性价值。在现代社会科学中,博弈论已成为研究存在冲突与合作的群体互动及其理性决策的基本工具。将博弈论纳入产业政策与竞争法学的分析框架,可有效识别和解释公平竞争审查制度运行中所暴露出来的种种法律问题及其根本动因,进而在制度激励及其稳定性与制度弹性及其可进化性之间形成合理预期。研究发现,公平竞争审查涉及央地政府之间、地方政府之间、不同政府部门之间以及政府与市场之间的多重博弈关系,并具体呈现出以自我利益为中心的府际权力博弈以及围绕公共利益的政府与市场间的对抗性博弈或"通谋共生"等。研究建议,通过系统地构建具有相容性的行政激励与监督治理体系,促进公平竞争审查制度的持续优化,从而提升市场经济效率、激发市场主体活力。

Fair competition examination has outstanding institutional value in preventing and controlling government’s excessive intervention in economy and maintaining free and fair competition in market.In modern social science,game theory has become a basic tool to study group interaction and rational decision making in the existence of conflict and cooperation.Taking game theory into the analytical framework of industrial policy and competition law can effectively identify and explain all kinds of legal problems and their fundamental causes in the operation of fair competition examination system,and then form reasonable expectations between the system incentive and its stability and the system flexibility and its evolvement.Fair competition examination involves multiple game relations between central and local governments,between local governments,between different government departments and between government and market,including inter-governmental power game with self-interest as the center and antagonistic game or "collusion symbiosis" between government and market based on public interest considerations.The continuous optimization of the fair competition examination system requires the systematic construction of compatible administrative incentive and supervision and governance system.