稻田茎叶喷雾农药沉积分布均匀性统计指标研究

Study on the Statistical Index of Uniformity of Pesticide Deposition and Distribution of Foliage Spraying in Rice Field

采用收入分配不公平程度测度指标,分析并描述稻田农药沉积分布均匀性统计指标间的差异,为建立稻田农药喷雾质量评价标准提供依据。利用生物染料进行农药示踪,以水稻植株作为农药沉积量收集载体,收集手动喷雾器、弥雾机、自走式喷杆喷雾机在水稻分蘖期、孕穗期、扬花期的茎叶喷雾后水稻植株上的示踪剂沉积量,分析各组数据的变异系数、极差系数、绝对份额比例、分位点比率、基尼系数、阿特金森指数、泰尔指数及均值对数偏差指数值,并通过相关性分析比较不同统计指标评间的关联度。对9个试验处理获得的19个统计指标值进行两两相关性分析,发现变异系数、基尼系数分别与其他14、13个指标在P<0.05水平上显著相关。阿特金森指数A(0.5)、A(1)、A(2)均与其他13个指标显著相关。绝对份额比例中I^(5)_(1th)、I^(5)2th、I^(5)_(5th)分别与其他13、12、13个指标显著相关,但I^(5)_(3th)、I^(5)4th仅与其他4、0个指标显著相关。分位点比例中,PR_(90th/20th)与其他12个指标显著相关。极差系数仅仅与其他8个指标显著相关。泰尔指数、均值偏差指数除互相显著相关外,与其他指标无显著相关性。综合比较不同指标的测定结果及各统计指标间的关联度,笔者建议以变异系数、基尼系数、阿特金森指数、绝对份额比例、分位点比率等5个统计指标,判断不同喷雾器械的稻田农药沉积分布均匀性统计指标。

In order to provide the basis for evaluation criterion for pesticide spray quality,the difference of statistical indexes of pesticide deposition uniformity in rice field was described and analyzed in this paper.Biological dye was used for pesticide tracer.Rice plant was utilized to measure the rate of pesticide deposit.During the tillering stage,booting stage and the flowering stage of the rice,manual sprayer,mist sprayer,self-propelled boom sprayer sprayed pesticide on rice plant.The deposit rate of the tracer on the plant was measured.Coefficient of variation,range coefficient,absolute share proportion,quantile ratio,gini coefficient,atkinson index,theil index,and mean log deviation index were analyzed.The level of relevancy among statistical indicators were compared based on correlation analysis.Correlation analysis was made on the 19 statistical indexes obtained from the 9 test treatments.It was found that the coefficient of variation and gini coefficient were significantly correlated with the other 14 and 13 indexes at the level of P<0.05.Atkinson index A(0.5),A(1),A(2)were significantly correlated with the other 13 indexes.In absolute share proportion,I^(5)_(1th),I^(5)2th and I^(5)_(5th) are significantly correlated with other 13,12 and 13 indexes respectively,but I^(5)_(3th) and I^(5)_(5th) are only significantly correlated with other 4 and 0 indexes.In the quantile proportion,PR_(90th/20th) was significantly correlated with other 12 indexes.The range coefficient was only significantly correlated with the other 8 indexes.The theil index and mean log deviation index had no significant correlation with other indexes except for each other.Measurement results of different indexes and correlation of statistical indicators were comprehensively compared.As suggested,five indicators,including coefficient of variation,gini coefficient,atkinson index,absolute share proportion and quantile rate,were used to assess the uniformity of pesticide spray deposition by different equipment.