陕西高陵杨官寨考古与关中地区庙底沟文化研究

A comparative study between Yangguanzhai and the Miaodigou culture in the Guanzhong area

庙底沟文化遗存的发现史与中国考古学的历史一样漫长,早在100年前安特生发掘仰韶村时就发现了这类遗存,其后李济先生在西阴村的发掘,以及新中国成立以后的庙底沟遗址、泉护村遗址等考古工作,使学界对庙底沟文化的特征、年代等有了更为全面的认识。百年的考古工作证明,庙底沟文化是中国史前一支最强势的考古学文化,考古界有关早期中国的阐释,很大程度上都与庙底沟文化相关,但这些理论的依据,主要是基于庙底沟文化彩陶的影响力,而庙底沟文化的聚落与墓地,长期以来并不清楚。陕西高陵杨官寨遗址的考古发现,为庙底沟文化聚落与墓地的研究提供了契机。相信随着关中地区相关考古工作的深入开展,不仅会推动庙底沟文化本身的研究进程,同时对深刻认识和理解庙底沟文化及关中地区在中国文明形成与发展中的作用和地位也具有重要的参考价值。

The discovery of the Miaodigou-culture remains can be traced to the beginning of Chinese archaeology. They first came to light in the excavation of the Yangshao village by J. G. Andersson more than a century ago. The excavation by LI Ji at Xiyin, together with the archaeological work at Miaodigou, Quanhu and so on, contributed greatly to the understanding of the Miaodigou culture. It is evident that the Miaodigou culture was the most influential archaeological culture. The previous related archaeological interpretations were mainly based on painted pottery. The Yangguanzhai site has shed light on settlement and cemetery of the Miaodigou culture. With more archaeological work in the Guanzhong region, we will have a more profound understanding of the Miaodigou culture and the Guanzhong area in relation to Chinese civilization.