再论韩琦墓前建筑遗址的性质——也谈宋代功德寺与祠堂关系

Reanalyzing the nature of the construction at the HAN Qi tomb

2009年发掘的韩琦墓地有两处建筑遗址,报告中分别判断为照壁与拜殿。通过与相关遗存对比,紧邻M1的遗址应为与韩琦墓同时修建的小型墓祠,但因墓地缺乏整体规划,在之后修建M3时被拆毁。文献中记载,神宗曾赐传孝报先寺为韩琦功德寺,祭祀韩琦的祠堂也位于寺院之内,除此之外韩琦墓前再无其他建筑。此功德寺在北宋靖康年间之后至元朝之前因战乱被毁,这一点在考古材料中得到了印证,进一步说明韩琦墓前大型建筑基址应为韩琦功德寺的一部分。而结合建筑遗址所出遗物及与同时期功德寺对比等综合判断,将该遗址性质定为功德寺大殿当更准确。

Two constructions were unearthed at the Hanqi burial in 2009. A comparative study shows that the one next to burial M1 should have been for worship, which was established simultaneously with the Hanqi burial. Due to the lack of an overall plan, it was dismantled at the construction of M3. According to historical documents, Emperor Shenzong endowed Hanqi with the Baoxian temple as his merit and virtue temple, with an ancestral temple built in. No other architecture was established in affiliation with the Hanqi burial. The historical records indicated that the temple was destroyed in warfare, which was accord with archaeological discoveries. It further shows that the large foundation adjacent to the Hanqi burial should have been part of his merit and virtue temple. Combining the unearthed remains, it should have been the hall of the merit and virtue temple.