市场化进程中政商关系的共生庇护、寻利型变通与治理之道

The Symbiotic Asylum and Profit-seeking Adaptability in the Relationship between Government and Business in the Process of Marketization and Its Governance

政商关系呈现的是国家与社会、政府与市场、制度运行机制与官商行为方式之间的关联与博弈。中国市场化进程中地方政府的发展型和经营性行为特性,使得政商关系深嵌其中,形成了国家—社会—市场之间相互缠绕的共生庇护关系。改革的高能激励、市场化进程以及中央对地方由规则管理向目标管理的转变,既拓展了民营企业生长的空间,又产生了基于实用主义态度的寻利型变通后果。新型政商关系建设应是建基于法治与市场规则之上的一种弱人格化、非依附性关系。必须以法治来确保对权力的有效制约,避免政商间的"法外互动"。以政府职能转变为纽带服务市场建设,规范政商间以工具性动机为主的政治关联行为。树立规范机制以增强官员服务市场与企业的正向激励,消除政商关系的"无序变通"。

The relationship between government and business presents the connection and game between the state and society,the government and the market,the system operation mechanism and the behavior of government and business.In the process of China’s marketization,the local government’s development-oriented and business-oriented behavior makes the relationship between government and business deeply embedded in it,forming a symbiotic asylum relationship between the state,society and market.The high-powered incentive of reform,the process of marketization and the change of the central administration over local governments from rule management to target management have not only expanded the growth space of private enterprises,but also produced profit-seeking adaptability based on pragmatic value.The new government-business relationship should be a weakly personalized and non-dependent relationship based on the rule of law and market rules.It is necessary to ensure the effective restriction of power by the rule of law and avoid the "extra-legal interaction" between government and business.We should make use of the transformation of government functions as a link to serve the market construction and standardize the politically related behaviors between government and business,which are mainly based on instrumental motivations.The normative mechanism should also be established to enhance the positive incentives for officials to serve the market and enterprises,and eliminate the "disorderly adaptability" of government and business relations.