从《弗莱彻建筑史》的版本更迭看20世纪以来西方对中国建筑的论述演进

The Evolution of Western Interpretation of Chinese Architecture in the 20^(th)Century Seen through the Edition Changes of Banister Fletcher’s A History of Architecture

《弗莱彻建筑史》是西方建筑史学界的经典著作,自1896年问世以来,至今已历经20次版本更迭。作为一部全球建筑史,《弗莱彻建筑史》关于中国建筑的相关论述代表了同时期西方建筑学界在中国建筑史研究领域的较高水平,并在过去一个多世纪的版本更迭中不断更新,折射出西方建筑学界在中国建筑史研究领域的持续深入。本文以《弗莱彻建筑史》版本更迭中有关中国建筑论述的发展过程为线索,提取四个代表性版本,即1901版、1921版、1987版和2019版,分析各版本的时代背景、论述方式以及与同时期世界范围内中国建筑史研究成果的关联,旨在从一个侧面回顾20世纪以来西方建筑学界对中国建筑史的认知演进脉络,并反思世界建筑史学思潮的内在发展逻辑。

Banister Fletcher’s A History of Architecture is a renowned monograph of architectural history in the West.Since its first publication in 1896,this book has experienced 20 edition changes over the past century.As a global history of architecture,the discussion of Chinese architecture in Fletcher’s A History of Architecture represents a high-level research on Chinese architectural history by Western scholars.This discussion has been continuously updated over the past century,to some extent reflecting the deepening understanding of Chinese architectural history in the West.Focusing on four representative editions(the 1901,1921,1987 and 2019 editions),this article analyzes how the discussion of Chinese architecture developed through the edition changes of Fletcher’s A History of Architecture,and uses this as a clue to unfold the social contexts in which these editions were completed,their research frameworks,and relations to parallel researches on Chinese architectural history.Through this perspective,it throws light upon the evolution of understanding of Chinese architectural history in Western scholarship,as well as the development of research methods and methodology in global architectural history.