外阴癌腹股沟淋巴结手术的研究进展

Research progress on surgery of inguinal lymph nodes in vulvar cancer

外阴癌是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤,近年来发病率逐步上升。早期外阴癌预后好,而晚期和复发性外阴癌则治疗效果不佳。外阴癌主要转移途径是通过局部浸润和淋巴转移,淋巴转移最先从外阴病灶流向腹股沟区。因此,对于早期外阴癌,主要治疗方法是原发性外阴肿瘤及腹股沟区淋巴结切除术。腹股沟淋巴结的状态是预测复发及生存的独立危险因素,并且决定是否需要增加辅助治疗。腹股沟区的手术很重要,但是各种术后并发症严重影响患者的生活质量,为此妇科医生也在不断改进手术方式。本文就外阴癌腹股沟淋巴结手术改进和创新中遇到的问题进行探讨。

Vulvar cancer is a rare malignant tumor with its incidence has gradually increased in recent years. For patients with early stage, they had a good prognosis while a poor prognosis for patients with late stage. The main way of metastasis of vulvar cancer is through local infiltration and lymphatic metastasis. Lymphatic metastasis first flows from the vulvar lesion to the groin area. Therefore, the main treatment of early vulvar cancer is primary vulvar tumor and inguinal lymph node resection. The status of the inguinal lymph nodes is an independent risk factor for predicting recurrence and survival and affects whether or not to use adjuvant therapy. Surgery of inguinal lymph nodes is very important, but various postoperative complications seriously affect the life quality of patients. For this reason, gynecologists are constantly improving the surgical methods. To this end, this article discusses the problems encountered in the improvement and innovation of inguinal lymph node surgery for vulvar cancer.