强硬与压制:日本新闻媒体中的宽城子事件

Toughness and Suppression:The Kuanchengzi Incident in Japanese News Media

1919年五四运动后,张作霖认为独占东北时机已然成熟,吉林督军孟恩远极力反对,双方发生争执。吉林军队调动时,“满铁”会社日人船津藤太郎意欲穿越警戒线引起斗殴,导致吉林军人同日本军人之间的冲突,宽城子事件爆发,双方互有伤亡。对此《东京日日新闻》《大阪朝日新闻》《大阪每日新闻》等都进行了报道,并强调此次事件破坏了中日间既有的秩序,冲突的责任完全在中国方面,应给予严惩。日本报纸的这种歪曲的报道,进一步催生和激化了日本民众对中国的仇恨,也为日本对外侵略政策的实施完成了国内民众的某种程度上的“动员”。因此更为真实地认知二战前日本报纸的新闻报道,有助于了解日本社会舆论的演变脉络。

After the May 4th Movement in 1919,Zhang Zuolin believed that the time of monopolizing the Northeast was ripe,and Meng Enyuan,the governor of Jilin Province,tried to prevent it,and the two sides had a dispute.When the Jilin army was mobilized,the Japanese member of the“Manchurian Railway”club,Funatsu Fujitaro,wanted to cross the cordon to cause a fight.This action triggered a conflict between the Jilin army and the Japanese army,and both sides suffered casualties.The“Tokyo Nikkei Shimbun”,“Osaka Asahi Shimbun”and“Osaka Mainichi Shimbun”had all reported on this,and emphasized that this incident had many drawbacks to Japan-China friendship.The responsibility for the conflict lies solely with China and should be severely punished.Such non-objective reports in Japanese newspapers further catalyzed and intensified Japanese people’s hatred of China,and also provided a broader public basis for Japan’s foreign aggression policy.Therefore,a more realistic understanding of the news reports of Japanese newspapers before World War II helps us understand the development direction of Japanese public opinion.