基于辐热积的灌水量处理对日光温室青椒干物质生产与分配影响的模型分析

Effects of Irrigation Amount on Dry Matter Production and Its Translocation in Greenhouse Green Pepper

【目的】探究温室青椒干物质生产及分配对不同灌水量处理的响应。【方法】于2018年10月―2020年4月,在山西省太原市小店区日光温室内进行不同水分处理的青椒栽培试验,设置全生育期充分灌水处理、苗期亏水50%处理、苗期和开花期连续亏水50%和全生育期亏水50%共4种水分处理,采用2018年10月―2019年4月数据,建立了基于耗水量和累积辐热积的干物质生产及分配模型,并利用2019年10月―2020年4月试验数据进行验证。【结果】青椒干物质积累随温室累积辐热积增加而增加,并随不同灌水量处理而产生显著差异;运用温室青椒生产中累积辐热积和不同处理的耗水量,构建得到青椒植株干物质生产及分配模型,各处理青椒地上和地下部分各器官干物质的预测值和实测值较为一致,标准误差(RMSE)为0.79~3.56g/株;不同灌水量处理的青椒生产中,各器官干物质的模拟值和实测值之间有较高的一致性;青椒茎秆干物质积累绝对误差(MAE)为0.95~2.14 g/株,叶的干物质积累MAE为1.25~2.95 g/株,果实的干物质积累MAE为6.34~19.54 g/株,根的干物质积累MAE为0.54~1.10 g/株;亏水处理对茎叶果干物质分配的影响大于其对根系干物质分配的影响。【结论】基于累积辐热积的干物质生产与分配特征模型所需参数少且容易获取,可将该模型应用于肥料充分但灌水量不同的北方温室青椒生产及产量预测和管理中。

【Background and Objective】The increase in solar-greenhouse green pepper production has exerted pressure on the limited water resources in Shanxi province of China.Understanding the effect of soil water on physiological traits of the pepper is essential to improving its water use efficiency.The aim of this paper is to experimentally elucidate the response of biomass production of the green pepper and its subsequent translocation to irrigation amount.【Method】The experiment was conducted from October 2018 to April in 2020 in a greenhouse at Xiaodian district in Taiyuan City.It has four irrigation treatments:sufficient irrigation in whole growing season,50%deficit irrigation during the seedling stage,50%deficit irrigation during the seedling and flowering stages,and 50%deficit irrigation in the whole growing season.In each treatment,we measured the dry matter change of each plant organ,from which we derived a model to calculate organ biomass using irrigation amount and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR).The model was validated against experimental data.【Result】The accumulative dry matter increased with the cumulative thermal time and differed significantly between different irrigation amounts.The dry mass of above-and below-ground organs predicted from the model was consistent with those experimentally measured with a standard error(RMSE)of 0.79~3.56 g/per plant.The mean absolute error(MAE)between the predicted and measured dry mass of stem,leaves,fruits and roots of per plant was 0.95~2.14 g,1.25~2.95 g,6.34~19.54 g and 0.54~1.10 g,respectively.The irrigation amount impacted on translocation of the dry matter to stems,leaves and fruits more significantly than translocation to roots.【Conclusion】The model we derived for estimating dry mass production and its translocation is reliable and can be used to help manage greenhouse green pepper production when fertilization is sufficient and irrigation is deficient.