番茄青枯病抗性相关根际微生物的研究进展

Research Progress of Rhizosphere Microorganisms Related to Tomato Bacterial Wilt Resistance

由茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)侵染引起的植物细菌性青枯病(Bacterial wilt)素有“植物癌症”之称,是一种毁灭性土传细菌病害。目前,青枯病已成为制约我国番茄生产的主要病害之一。抗青枯病番茄品种表现出与劣质农艺性状连锁遗传的问题一直没有得到解决,而且番茄青枯病抗性主要为数量遗传,不利于优良抗病品种的选育。根际微生物参与调控植物免疫系统,提高寄主植物青枯病抗性,反之,寄主植物的健康状况也能够影响根际微生物群落组成,根际微生物在番茄青枯病防治中具有重要作用。对抗青枯病番茄根际微生物群落特征及微生物群落形成的影响因素进行总结,讨论了根际微生物参与调控番茄青枯病抗性遗传的作用机制,并对利用有益根际微生物调控番茄青枯病研究方向的热点进行展望,为番茄青枯病诱导抗性机制的解析、遗传育种以及番茄青枯病的防治与品种的合理布局提供有效参考。

Bacterial wilt,a devastating soil-borne bacterial disease in plant,caused by Ralstonia solanacearum,which has been found to be related with serious yield reduction of sola naceous crops.At present,bacterial wilt is one of the major diseases restricting the production of tomato in China.The problem of linkage between disease-resistant genes to bacterial wilt and genes expressing inferior agronomic traits has not been solved.In addition,the resistance of tomato is mainly quantitative inheritance,which makes it more difficult to breed excellent disease resistant varieties.Plant rhizosphere microorganisms are closely interrelated with bacterial wilt resistance.The rhizosphere microorganisms regulate the immune system of plants and improve the resistance of host plants to R.solanacearum.Conversely,the host plants also affect rhizosphere microbial community composition.Therefore,rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in the control of tomato bacterial wilt.In the present study,the characteristics of rhizosphere microbial community resistant to bacterial wilt and the factors influencing the formation of the community were summarized.The mechanism of resistance heredity of bacterial wilt of tomato regulated by rhizosphere microorganisms were discussed.In addition,research hotspots in fields of the regulation of tomato bacterial wilt by beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms were prospected.The results can provide a reference for further analyzing the induced resistance mechanism,tomato genetic breeding,the contr ol of bacterial wilt and the rational distribution of tomato varie ties.