毛竹林大小年形成机制及调控措施研究进展

Formation Mechanism and Regulation Measures of On-Year and Off-Year of Moso Bamboo Forest: A Review

中国是竹资源最丰富的国家之一,在世界竹子研究领域处于领先地位。毛竹是中国本土竹类中分布最广、面积最大、经济价值最高的优良竹种之一。但毛竹林在经营过程中普遍存在的大小年问题却未引起足够的关注及重视。大小年毛竹林通常会造成大年产笋多、价格低、经济效益不佳;而在小年竹笋产量低、价格骤升,进而对竹农及消费者都产生不利影响。文中综述了营养物质积累消耗节律变化和内源激素节律变化对毛竹大小年形成的作用机制以及外部环境因素对毛竹林大小年形成的影响及相关调控措施,并提出了研究展望,以期为有效调控毛竹林大小年提供理论参考和实践指导,并为毛竹林大小年后续研究提供借鉴。

China is one of the countries with the most abundant bamboo resources and take the lead in bamboo research throughout the world. Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis) is one of the most important native bamboo species in China with the widest distribution, the largest cultivation area and the highest economic value. However, little attention has been paid to the on-year and off-year problem in the management of Moso bamboo forest. During the on-year, bamboo shoots are high yielding but low priced,which means the poor net benefit. During the off-year, the yield of bamboo shoots is low, while the price rises sharply, which further has an adverse impact on both bamboo farmers and consumers. This paper summarizes the working mechanism how the consumption rhythm changes and endogenous hormone rhythm changes in nutrient accumulation form the on-year and off-year of Moso bamboo forest as well as the effects of external environmental factors on their formation, and discusses the related regulation measures. At the end, the research prospect is put forward, in order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for bamboo farmers to regulate the on-year and off-year for Moso bamboo forest, and the references for the follow-up study.