上海市男男性行为者合成毒品使用情况的分析

Synthetic drug use,sexual behavior and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Shanghai

【目的】了解上海男男性接触者(MSM)人群中合成毒品使用、高危性行为及其影响因素。【方法】2018年5月到12月由非政府组织(NGO)小组在MSM场所及自愿咨询检测门诊招募MSM对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括社会人口学、交友方式、合成毒品使用、性行为、艾滋病和性病检测史,并对其进行艾滋病和梅毒检测。根据合成毒品使用情况划分为使用组和非使用组。【结果】共招募研究对象209名,43.1%(90/209)的调查对象自述曾经使用过至少一种合成毒品。81.3%(170/209)的调查对象使用互联网交友软件寻求性伴。30~34年龄段、外地户籍、大学及以上学历、职业为干部职员、月收入≥10000元、前往同志酒吧交友、结识偶遇男性伴的MSM人群合成毒品使用比例更高,其中外地户籍(OR=3.006)、同志酒吧交友(OR=3.588)为独立影响因素。使用人数及比例居前3位的合成毒品是Rush(90.0%,81/90)、伟哥(8.9%,8/90)、0号胶囊(7.8%,7/90)。使用合成毒品后发生性行为的比例89.5%(17/19),发生相互口交、不戴套肛交、群交等高危性行为频率为平均每人1次/d。【结论】MSM使用合成毒品现象较为普遍,使用后高危性行为频发。借助新媒体技术开展合成毒品使用危害警示教育及艾滋病动员检测,特别关注高收入职业类型和同志酒吧场所内的MSM人群。

[Objective]To understand the status of synthetic drug use,high-risk sexual behavior and associated factors among men who have sex with men(MSM)in Shanghai.[Methods]MSM subjects were recruited,by a team of non-governmental organizations(NGO),at MSM places and voluntary counseling and testing clinics from May to December 2018.The subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire survey on social-demographic,ways to make friends,synthetic drug use,high-risk sexual behavior,and HIV/STD testing history.They also received tests of HIV and syphilis.According to the use of synthetic drugs,they were divided into user group and nonuser group.[Results]A total of 209 subjects were recruited.Among them,43.1%(90/209)used at least one synthetic drug.81.3%(170/209)of MSM used internet dating software.The proportion of synthetic drug use was higher among the subjects in 30-34 age group,residence registered in other provinces,with university degree or above,occupation of cadres and staff members,monthly income of more than 10000 yuan,making friends through gay bars,and acquaintance with male partners.The registered residence in other provinces(OR=3.006)and making friends through gay bars(OR=3.588)were independent factors.The top three synthetic drugs were Rush(90.0%,81/90),Viagra(8.9%,8/90)and“capsule 0”(7.8%,7/90).The proportion of having sex after using synthetic drugs was 89.5%(17/19).The frequency of high-risk sexual behaviors such as oral sex,anal sex without condom and group sex was once a day per person on average.[Conclusion]The use of synthetic drugs is prevalent among MSM,and the frequency of high-risk sexual behaviors after use is high.Warning education on the dangers of synthetic drug use and mobilization for HIV testing should be carried out with the help of new media technology.Special attention should be paid to MSM people in high-income occupations and gay bars.