粤港澳大湾区涉港澳民商事案件的国际私法问题研究--基于深圳前海法院审判实践的实证分析

On the Application of Private International Law in Civil and Commercial Cases Involving HongKong and Macao Residents in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area:Empirical Analysis Basedon the Trials of Qianhai Courtin Shenzhen

作为我国开放程度最高、经济活力最强的区域之一,粤港澳大湾区在国家发展大局中具有重要战略地位。本研究采用实证分析方法,对2015—2020年深圳前海法院涉港澳民商事案件的裁判文书进行了系统性数据收集和实证分析,并据此对大湾区跨境法律争端中的国际私法问题进行了深入探讨。研究显示,以前海法院为代表的大湾区境内司法机构在国际私法领域丰富多元的审判实践经验,为构建大湾区跨境民商事争议解决机制奠定了坚实的基础,也为我国各级法院审理涉外民商事案件提供了宝贵的经验和借鉴。针对现阶段粤港澳大湾区跨境民商事争议在国际私法领域依然存在的一些现实困境,本研究建议可以通过进一步加强司法的引领和促进作用、完善域外法查明体系以及保障域外法适用、合理充分行使管辖权、加强民商事案件跨境司法协助等进路,打造大湾区法治高地,为大湾区经济深度融合发展奠定坚实的法治基础。

As one of the most open and economically dynamic regions in China,the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area plays a strategic role in national development.For this paper,we collected systematic data and made empirical analysis on the judicial documents issued for civil and commercial cases involving Hong Kong and Macao residents by Shenzhen’s Qianhai Court from 2015 to 2020,and on this basis,looked deeply into the application of private international law in cross-border legal disputes in the Greater Bay Area.We found that the rich and diversified trial experience of judicial institutions in the Greater Bay Area,represented by the Qianhai Court,in the application of private international law,has laid a solid foundation for constructing a settlement mechanism for cross-border civil and commercial disputes in the Greater Bay Area,and also provides valuable experience and reference for other domestic courts at all levels in handling foreign-related civil and commercial cases.In view of the difficulties that still exist in the application of private international law in cross-border civil and commercial disputes in the Greater Bay Area at this stage,this paper suggests strengthening the guiding and promoting role of judicial institutions,improving the system of extra-territorial law identification,guaranteeing the application of extra-territorial law,exercising jurisdiction reasonably and fully,and strengthening cross-border judicial assistance in civil and commercial cases,so as to build a rule-of-law highland in the Greater Bay Area and lay a solid rule-of-law foundation for its deep economic integration.