香港教育管理的变迁:1842-2020

The Historical Change of Hong Kong Education Administration:1842—2020

本文探讨了开埠以来香港普通教育管理的历史变迁。根据重大历史事件,可将香港教育管理的变迁划分为1842—1941年、1945—1997年、1997年至今三个阶段。这三个阶段香港教育的管理目的分别是服务英国、服务本地殖民以及顺应回归和发展,其策略从供给精英教育发展到大规模扩充学位,再到提高教育质量。在特殊历史脉络中发展起来的香港教育管理有特殊性:基于多主体办学而形成的政府—学校多元关系、持续被制度化的教育不平等、去/弱政治化导向的课程管理。这些特殊性加上绩效导向的质量管理从不同层面影响了香港社会的国家意识培养和“人心回归”。

The paper explores the historical change of Hong Kong educational administration since1842.Based on the key events in the city,it divided the history into three periods(1842-1941,1945-1997,1997 to the present).The educational administration in these periods shifted its purposes from serving the United Kingdom,to local colonial government,and to the returning to the People’s Republic of China.Its strategies change from providing elite education to expanding educational opportunities in a large-scale,and then to stressing the quality.Hong Kong educational administration has its uniqueness:the multi-relationship between government and schools based on multi-agent school running,the continuous institutionalized educational inequality,and the elimination or reduction of politics-oriented curriculum management,which together with the performance-oriented quality accountability may inhibit construction of national identity and"return of recognition".