英国职业教育教师培养研究

Research on Teacher Training in Vocational Education in the UK

英国对职业教育的重视是通过强化教师培养实现的。经过雏形自发、试图引导、强制规范、放权简化等4个阶段的发展,英国职业教育教师培养构建了政府引导与市场自由相结合的新机制,并着力从专业标准、培训课程、培训目标、培养模式、资格认证等方面,全面加强对职业教育教师的培养,形成了雇主主导、权威授权、灵活培训、通用标准、“两手”合一、螺旋课程等特色体系。未来英国职业教育教师培养将更加注重知能培养、强化教学引领、塑造终身学习理念。这启示我国应在完善立法、以师为本、持续培养、任职标准、评价导向等方面,不断提高职业教育教师培养的质量。

The UK's emphasis on vocational education is achieved through intensive teacher training.After four stages of development,including spontaneous development,attempted guidance,mandatory regulation,and power decentralization and simplification,the vocational education in the UK has built a new teacher training mecha⁃nism combining government guidance and market freedom and has focused on comprehensively strengthening the training of vocational education teachers in terms of professional standards,training courses,training objec⁃tives,training modes,and qualification certification,forming a characteristic system of employer leading,authori⁃tative authorization,flexible training,universal standards,"two hands"integration,and spiral curriculum.In the future,teacher training in UK vocational education will attach more significance to knowledge and skills develop⁃ment,strengthen teaching guidance and shape the concept of lifelong learning.This reveals that China should continuously improve teacher training quality in vocational education by improving legislation,teacher-orientat⁃ing,continuous training,post-holding criteria,and evaluation guidance.